January - March 2024, Volume 20, Issue 1

Mestre VF, Silveira BC, L. de Carvalho AF, Carvalho CS, Salles MJ

49,XXXXY Patient and Incidental Finding of Low Level Mosaic 45,X in the Mother

Acta Endo (Buc) 2024, 20 (1): 97-102
doi: 10.4183/aeb.2024.97

Context. 49,XXXXY syndrome is an aneuploidy that affects males and is commonly referred to as a variant of Klinefelter Syndrome. It presents a frequency of 1:85,000 to 100,000 births and an etiology related to non-disjunction of homologous chromosomes. Findings include skeletal abnormalities, hypogonadism, and cognitive impairment. Turner syndrome is also an aneuploidy of the sex chromosomes, which affects women, and has a prevalence of 1:2000 to 2500 births and a phenotype characterized by short stature and sexual infantilism. Objective. The objective of this article was to study the literature, investigate the family members and report the case. Subjects and Methods. Data collection was based on medical records, family history, karyotype analysis, and FISH analysis. Results. The karyotype of the proband revealed mos 49, XXXXY[45]/46, XY[5]. The patient's mother is affected by mosaic Turner Syndrome low level and the maternal grandmother by inversion of chromosome 9. The father, the younger brother, and the paternal grandmother present variations in the normality of their chromosomes. Conclusions. It is important to highlight that the early diagnosis of the syndrome and the initiation of therapy reduce biopsychosocial impairment. Investigation of other family members makes genetic counseling more effective.

Keywords: 49, XXXXY syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter, Family history, Secondary findings, Genetic counseling.

Correspondence: Viviane de Fátima Mestre MD, State University of Londrina, Km 380, Celso Garcia Cid Road, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil, E-mail: vivianemestre@yahoo.com.br