ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUC)

Background. We aimed to evaluate whether a high carbohydrate or a high fat diet differs in alteration of the inflammatory and metabolic risk factors in cardio-renal metabolic syndrome in rats. Methods. Twelve male Wister rats were randomly divided into two groups: one received diet 1 standard pellet rat diet (D1) containing 10% fat, 50% carbohydrate, 25% protein and another group received diet 2 (D2) containing 59% fat, 30% carbohydrate and 11% protein for 16 weeks. Weight was recorded weekly. FSG and insulin levels were measured using an enzymatic spectrophotometric and a standard ELISA kit respectively. Inflammatory parameters including TGF-β, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in the renal and cardiac tissues of rats were evaluated by ELISA technique. Result. Food intake in D1 and D2 groups increased in the study period, however food intake in D2 group was significantly higher compared with D1 group. FSG, HOMA and TG concentrations in D2 group were significantly higher compared to D1 group. Moreover, TGF-β and MCP- 1 concentrations in the renal tissues of D2 group and TNF-α in the cardiac tissues of D1 group were significantly higher compared with D1 group (P<0.05). Positive associations between IL-1β and TG and between HOMA, FSG with TGF-β and MCP-1 in the renal tissue of animals were also identified.

Context. Changes in the secretion of signaling molecules that originates from adipose tissue and inflammation draw attention in the pathogenesis of type 2 DM. Chemerin, one of the signaling molecules of adipose origin, and irisin, defined as the Renaissance of the metabolism, are among these molecules. Objectives. This cross-sectional study was planned in order to compare the values of serum irisin and chemerin levels in patients newly diagnosed with T2DM and in healthy subjects. Subjects and Methods. The study included 41 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM and 49 healthy individuals. The chemistry parameters were analyzed with a biochemistry autoanalyzer, and hormonal parameters were analyzed with an immunoassay analyzer. Plasma irisin and chemerin levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of glucose, HbA1C, Insulin, HOMA-IR and lipid panel results. Irisin levels in the group of patients newly diagnosed with T2DM were lower than in the control group. Chemerin levels in the group of patients newly diagnosed with T2DM were higher than in the control group. Conclusion. Consequently, diabetes-dependent changes in chemerin and irisin concentrations suggest that these two hormones have a role in the pathophysiology of DM. Further studies are required to understand the complex structure of the signaling pathways of chemerin and irisin molecules as well as the physiological importance of these molecules as metabolism regulators especially in humans.

Context. Impaired flow mediated dilatation (FMD) and increased carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) are the antecedent forms of atherosclerosis. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate vascular structural and functional changes in patients with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (APHPT), and whether biochemical alterations, related with PHPT and oxidative stress marker serum advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), may have influence on vascular alterations. Design. This is a cross sectional clinical study. Subject and Methods: Thirty-four patients with APHPT and 29 sex- and age and cardiovascular risk factors matched control cases were included in this study. Endothelial function was evaluated by FMD of the brachial artery; CIMT was measured by ultrasonography; in addition serum AOPPs and biochemical parameters were determined. Results. Serum Ca levels were higher in the patient group [10.93±0.60mg/dL vs. 9.45±0.31; p<0.001]. FMD measurement was significantly lower in patients group [0.07 (0.01-0.26) % vs. 0.14 (0.04-0.22) %; p=0.01]. CIMT measurements were comparable between the groups [52 (35- 69) mm vs. 56 (38-70) mm; p=0.821]. AOPPs levels were significantly higher in the patients [136.43 (55.14-1352) mmol/L vs. 84 (53.18-595.48) mmol/L; p=0.026]. There were significant negative correlations between FMD and serum Ca (r=–0.339, p<0.001); and serum AOPPs levels (r=–0.275, p<0.005). Serum Ca (p=0.007, β=–0.353) and AOPPs (p=0.024, β=–0.243) levels and hyperlipidemia (p=0.024, β=–0.288) were the predictors of FMD. Conclusions. Vascular endothelial function is impaired in patients with APHPT. Hypercalcemia, increased oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia may have role in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in patients with APHPT.

The incidence of primary adrenocortical insufficiency is 4.7 to 6.2 per one million. Among primary cancers developed in the adrenal gland, malignant lymphoma is very rare. We report here on an 82-year-old male patient who had primary adrenocortical insufficiency caused by bilateral adrenal lymphoma.